Continue to be cheerful and play one's part despite difficulties
（不顾困难）仍乐观而尽本分，不泄气
-- 英汉 - 短句参考
Childhood experiences often play a big part in shaping one's character.
童年经历在形成一个人的性格方面往往起重要作用。
-- 英汉 - 辞典例句
Tr***el agents and tr***el writers play an important part in referring their clients or readers to one hotel or another.
旅游代理商或写旅游文章的作家在指导顾客或读者选择旅馆方面发挥着重要作用。
-- 英汉 - 辞典例句
Childhood experience often play a big part in shape one 's character
童年经历在形成一个人的性格方面往往起重要作用
-- 英汉 - 翻译参考
The idea known as the feminine mystique was the traditional idea that women h***e only one part to play in society.
女性的奥秘是持一种传统的观点，认为女性在社会中只有一种角色
-- 交互式慢速英语-冬季号 - The 1960s (Ⅲ)
One of the main issues is what part the United Nations will play in Iraq after the war.
其中的一个主要问题是联合国将在战后的伊拉克扮演什么样的角色。
-- 交互式慢速英语-春季号 - Future Iraqi Government（***）
It is like a symphony where every musician, not only to play one's own part, but also share one's work and cooperates with each other. Every part is sensitively attuned to the harmony of overall performance.
犹如交响乐团中所有成员各司其职、分工合作，重视整体演出的和谐性。
-- 英汉 - 翻译样例 - 单位
No one recalled any longer the part that each might be called upon to play,the district-attorney forgot he was there for the purpose of prosecuting, the President that he was there to preside, the counsel for the defence that he was there to defend.
大家都想不起自己要做的事，检察官已忘了他原在那里检举控诉，庭长也忘了自己原在那里主持审判，被告辩护人也忘了自己原在那里辩护。
-- 汉英 - 翻译参考
With about one million soldiers being demobilized each year, we must confront the question of how to prepare them to play their part better in civilian work.
军队每年有上百万的战士复员，怎样使他们到地方工作更好地发挥作用，是个值得重视的问题。
-- 汉英 - 翻译参考
One of the basic requirements of democratic centrali*** in the Party is that Party congresses at the various levels be held at regular intervals and play their part to the full.
党的民主集中制的基本要求之一，是党的各级代表大会的定期召集和充分发挥作用。
婚姻是家庭的基础,家庭是社会的细胞,婚姻家庭的和谐、稳定,关系著社会的稳定,经济的繁荣。夫妻关系包括人身关系和财产关系。下面是我带来的，欢迎阅读!
篇一
Marriage Partnerships
婚姻关系
Traditionally, the woman has held a low position in marriage partnerships.
While her hu *** and went his way she had to wash, stitch and sew.
当她丈夫出去工作时她必须洗洗涮涮，缝缝补补。
Today the move is to liberate the woman,which may in the end strengthen the marriage union.
当今的趋势是解放妇女，这最终可以巩固婚姻。
Perhaps the greatest obstacle to friendship in marriage is the amount a couple usually see ofeach other.
Friendship in its usual sense is not tested by the strain of daily, year-long cohabitation.
通常意义上的感情不能由经年累月的同居生活所检验。
Couples need to take up separate interests as well as mutually shared ones,if they are not to get used to the more attractive elements of each other's personalities.
如果夫妻想要使各自性格中更有吸引力的那些部分不失去新鲜感，那么他们不但要有共同的兴趣，而且要有独立的兴趣。
Married couples are likely to exert themselves for guests—being amusing, discussing withpassion and point—and then to fall into dull exhausted silence when the guests h***e gone.
已婚夫妇在来客人的时候会竭尽全力招待客人，谈话时充满 *** ，幽默风趣，谈话充满智慧，但是客人离开后便陷入了沉默的，无话可说的状态。
As in all friendship,a hu *** and and wife must try to interest each other,and to spend sufficient time sharing absorbing activities to give them continuing mon interests.
正如在所有的感情关系中，丈夫和妻子必须尝试引起彼此的关注，并花费充足的时间共同分享感兴趣的活动，以便维持共同的兴趣。
But at the same time they must spend enough time on separate interests with separate people to preserve and develop their separate personalities and keep their relationship fresh.
但是同时他们必须花费足够的时间在不同的人和兴趣上，以保持和发展他们各自的个性，并保持关系常新。
For too many highly intelligent working women,home represents chore obligations,because the hu *** and only tolerates her work and does not participate in household chores.
对很多高智商的工作女性来说，家代表琐碎的家务，因为丈夫仅仅容忍她不工作，却不参与家庭琐事。
For too many highly intelligent working men,home represents dullness and plaints—from an over-dependent wife who will not gather courage to make her own life.
对很多高智商的工作男性来说，家代表无聊和抱怨，来自没有勇气创造自己生活的过分依赖于人的妻子。
In such an atmosphere,the partners grow further and further apart,both love and liking dis***earing.
在如此的气氛下，夫妻渐行渐远，爱和喜好通通消失。
For too many couples with children,the children are allowed to mand all time and attention,allowing the couple no time to develop liking and friendship,as well as love,allotting them exclusive parental roles.
对很多有孩子的妻子来说，孩子允许支配父母的所有时间和注意力，使得夫妻没有时间来培养好感，感情和爱，留给他们的只是父母亲的角色。
篇二
Love, Grows in Marriage 爱情，在婚姻的殿堂中成长
Social scientists h***e observed that marriages typically move through a series of at least four stages. Each stage presents unique learning opportunities and blessings, along with challenges and obstacles.
社会学家研究发现，一般来说，婚姻至少要经历一系列的至少四个阶段。每个阶段都给予我们独特的学习和成长的机会，还有祝福。当然，其中不乏挑战和险阻。
Stage One – Romance, Passion and Promise
第一阶段——浪漫， *** ，承诺
In the beginning of a relationship partners often municate effortlessly and at length. They seem to intuit each other’s needs and wishes and go out of their way to please and surprise each other. Couples begin to develop a strong sense of “we.”
在一段婚姻关系初期，夫妻们经常可以毫不费力地进行最大限度的沟通。他们可以直接感知对方的愿望和需求，也会不顾自己的感受尽力取悦对方，让对方惊喜。他们之间逐渐建立起“我们”的强烈意识，纵观所有阶段，此阶段夫妻的个性差异是最小的，几乎可以忽略。
Individual differences are minimized, if noticed at all; partners are very accepting. Joy, excitement, h***iness and hope abound.
夫妻在这个阶段很容易接受对方的一切。他们彼此充满著快乐、兴奋、幸福和希望。
Partners present and elicit their best selves. Life seems promising. It is a time of sharing dreams and romance. This is a time to be remembered and cherished.
夫妻们都会选择展现他们最好的那一面给对方。生活似乎充满希望和前景。这是彼此分享梦想和浪漫的阶段。这是值得铭记和珍惜的阶段。
Stage Two – Settling down and Realization
第二阶段——冷静和理解
The high energy and intensity of Stage One inevitably give way to the ordinary and routine.
第一阶段的热情和 *** 不可避免地被随之而来的生活琐事所磨灭。
Ideally, in Stage Two couples learn to deepen their munication skills. They work to understand and express their wants, needs, and feelings.
在理想的情况下，在第二阶段，夫妻倾向于加强他们的沟通技巧。他们要学习慢慢地理解和表达他们真正的需求、感觉和希望。
They learn to be honest and vulnerable and to listen actively to each other.
他们要学习坦诚，要愿意展现自己脆弱的一面给对方，还要多倾听对方的意见。
They bee aware of differences not noticed previously and develop strategies for dealing with them. Couples learn about give and take, negotiation and acmodation.
他们会发现一些之前没有留意到的差异，并利用适当的策略好好处理因差异造成的影响。双方在这个阶段学习如何付出和接受、商量和妥协。
Stage Three – Rebellion and Power Struggles
第三阶段——反抗和权力抗争
Spouses cannot always live up to each other’s expectations. They will dis***oint and unintentionally hurt each other.
夫妻关系中没有人总能满足对方的期盼。不经意间，他们会使对方失望，甚至伤害到对方。
They now bee intensely aware of their differences and may use control strategies to bring back the desired balance.
在这阶段，他们强烈地意识到两人之间的差异，并希望能控制局势，让生活回到以前理想的平衡状态。
Power struggles are mon. Blame, judgment, critici *** and defensiveness are likely outes.
权力抗争是很常见的;指责，批评，挑剔，防御，是最有可能的结果。
Fear and anxiety enter the relationship. Couples’ thinking can narrow into right/wrong, good/bad polarities.
婚姻关系混进了恐惧和担忧，夫妻的思想很可能会缩窄到对/错，好/坏两个极端。
Ideally, couples learn about forgiveness and acmodation in this stage. They learn to deal constructively with anger and hurt. A supportive munity bees especially important.
理想的情况下，在此阶段，夫妻会在体谅和适应中成长。支撑性的社群变得尤为重要即亲戚好友要帮助夫妻维持婚姻，给予支撑性的建议，让争吵中的夫妻变得和谐。
Stage Four – Discovery, Reconciliation, and Beginning Again
第四阶段——发现，调解，重新开始
Couples can push through the previous stage through deepened munication, honesty and trust.
夫妻可以跳过第三阶段这道坎，但需要加深彼此的沟通，坦诚和信任。
Ideally, they discover and create a new sense of connection. They learn more about each other’s strengths and vulnerabilities.
在理想的情况下，他们会探寻并创造出一种新的维系婚姻的方式。
They learn to identify and talk about their fears instead of acting them out. They refuse to judge or blame their partner; they translate their plaints into requests for change.
他们学会要了解更多对方的长处和弱点。他们学会试图说出他们心中的恐惧，而不是直接表现在行动上以致伤害对方。他们不再批评或指责对方，而将对方的抱怨视为让自己变得更好的要求。
Partners see each other in a new light, as gifted and flawed, just as they themselves are gifted and flawed. Empathy and passion increase. They learn to ***reciate and respect each other in new ways; they learn not to take each other for granted.
夫妻用一种新的眼光看待对方，就如同自己本身有优点也有缺点，对方也亦然。因此，他们对对方的同情感和怜悯感增加了。他们学会以一种新的方法去赞美和尊重对方，不再认为对自己好是对方的义务。
They find a new balance of separateness and togetherness, independence and intimacy. A new hope and energy return to the relationship.
他们发现了一种在分开和共处之间，独立和亲密之间的平衡。婚姻关系重新注入新的希望和力量。
Additional Challenges and Stages
其他挑战和阶段
Many couples will encounter additional life cycle stages. Just like marriage, creating a family will face many challenges.
很多夫妻会遇到其他阶段。如同婚姻，建立一个家庭会面对很多挑战。
It is another opportunity to learn about cooperation and being a team, about dealing with differences and conflicts, and about taking time to pause and choose.
这给予夫妻另一个成长的机会，学习如何成为一个团队，分工合作;处理生活上的矛盾和争执;留出时间去思考未来的路，并进行抉择。
Parenting is a spiritual journey that involves not only the growth of the children but the growth of the parents. Like marriage, it will h***e many opportunities to surrender and die to self, to let go and to grieve.
成为父母是一个心灵上新的旅程，期间不断发育成长的不仅有孩子，而且父母也会壮大他们的力量，思想更加成熟。如同婚姻，成为父母也要很大牺牲，要懂取舍和放弃。
Other life cycle challenges include illness, unemployment and other financial crises, retirement, and the death of one’s partner. Many couples must take care of the older generation while letting go of the younger one.
夫妻会遇到的其他挑战还包括疾病，失业或其他经济危机，退休和另一半的离世。有时候，夫妻还要面对白头人送黑头人的情况。
Growth throughout the marital journey requires openness and flexibility. Faith requires trust and surrender. Even if we cannot see the entire road and where it will end, we need to h***e clarity to take the next few steps.
在婚姻的旅程中，爱情的成长需要坦诚和适应。信念需要信任和退让来维持。尽管我们未必能遇见前方的道路，也不知何处是幸福的彼岸，我们仍然需要清晰的指导，引领未来的生活。
篇三
只有有着共同爱好的夫妻才会经历的8件事
1. They are more understanding during the difficult times.
艰难时期里，他们更能互相理解。
For couples sharing a mon career interest, for example lawyers or engineers, the partners can better understand the hard times that one has to go through and the struggle to even earn for living.
对于有着共同职业兴趣的父亲，例如律师或工程师，他们可以更好地理解一个人必须经历的艰难时刻，甚至是为了生存而做的奋斗。
The partners also understand how hectic the work can get and be easy with the tough schedule of their partner or might even get one theirself according to their routine. It’s something like h***ing your lover also as your best friend.
他们还能理解工作会变得多么繁忙， 理解他们伴侣的忙绿的时间表，甚至能够根据自己的例常得出他们自己的一张来。这感觉就像你的爱人也是你最好的朋友一样。
These understandings do not only play a motivational role but also the couples can work as an assistant for each other by being of some good help during difficult times.
这些理解不仅能起到激励的作用，而且还可以作为彼此的一个助手，在困难时期协助彼此提供帮助。
2. They h***e perfect holidays and weekends.
他们拥有完美的***期和周末。
For couples h***ing similar f***orite adventures or hobbies, they can spend their holidays and weekends with all the fun and excitement.
对于有着一样喜爱的冒险或爱好的夫妻，他们可以尽情地度过他们的***日和周末。
Imagine both partners crazy about cycling, rock climbing or even tr***elling. They can spend their holidays or weekends without h***ing to promise each other’s interest. They can help each other with something they know well about f.e. a sport and foster their love in their mutual love for the game.
想象一下，这对夫妻可以疯狂地骑自行车、攀巖、甚至旅行。他们可以度过他们的***期或周末，而不必为彼此的兴趣妥协。他们可以互相帮助他们熟知的事情，并在他们彼此间的爱的游戏中培养他们的爱情。
3. They always h***e something to share together.
他们总是有能一起分享的事情。
generally, the couples h***ing mon interests h***e more mon topics to talk about and share ideas on. Their similar choices that could range from sports to academic fields, keeps them engaged in a conversation that they both love to h***e.
一般而言，有着共同爱好的夫会有更多谈论的共同话题并能为此分享想法。他们相似的选择可以从体育到延伸学术领域，这使得他们能一直谈论他们喜欢的话题。
They can h***e a good dinner table talk, visit a theatre because they both love to or maybe keep dancing to some music. H***ing topics of similar interest not only helps the couples h***e a good conversation but it also interestingly keeps them thinking of their partner whenever something related es across them.
他们可以有一个美好的晚餐餐桌谈话，看他们都喜欢的影剧，或可能一直跟着音乐跳舞。有相似的兴趣话题不仅有助於夫妻很好的谈话，有趣的是，每当有相关的问题涉及到他们时，他们都会想到自己的伴侣。
4. They know the personality of their partner better.
他们更了解伴侣的个性。
Such couples generally get to spend more time together than other couples because they h***e so many things in mon. Just as mentioned above, such couples can spend their holidays doing something that both of them love.
这样的夫妻一般会比其他夫妻花更多的时间在一起，因为他们有很多共同的东西。正如上面提到的那样，他们可以用***期来做一些他们都喜欢的事情。
While spending more time together, the partners get the chance to learn more about the inner personhood of their partner. These learnings can be really helpful in deciding how to handle the relationship in a matured way. Understanding each other’s personality is not only important in making the relationship last for a longer time but also helps both of them live h***ily together.
当花更多的时间在一起时，伴侣之间就有机会更多地了解对方的内在人格。这些经验和教训可以真正有助于决定如何用成熟的方式处理彼此之间的关系。理解对方的个性不仅对于使关系持续更长的时间方面上很重要，也有助于他们一起快乐地生活。
5. They h***e personal growth within the same space.
他们会在相同空间内有个各自的成长。
Relationships play a significant role in motivating people to achieve their goals. In a relationship, when both the partners share similar interests, one can assist the other grow not only career wise but also as a person in whole.
关系在激励人们实现目标方面发挥着重要的作用。在一段关系中，当伴侣之间有着相似的兴趣时，一个人可以帮助另一个成长，这不仅仅是体现在事业上的智慧，也可以是整体上作为一个人而存在。
The couples can learn from each other and even struggle or live through the hard times together. Each of them can work as a helping hand to the other, in a way helping both grow in a mon way. With all these motivational factors and their working together to achieve the mon goal, efforts from two should definitely bring better fruits.
夫妻双方可以互相学习，甚至是一起奋斗或度过艰难时刻。他们每一个都可以作为另一个人的助手，以共同的方式帮助彼此成长。通过所有这些动机因素和共同努力以实现共同的目的，他们的努力最终可以带来更多的成果。
6. They create unforgettable memories together.
他们一起创造了难忘的经历。
In a relationship when both the partners h***e attraction, interest or love for a mon thing, they tend to explore such things. This will not only make the couples content with their relationship but also helps them create unforgettable memories.
在一段关系中，当夫妻都对一件共同的事情有吸引力、兴趣或爱喜爱时，他们往往会去探索这样的事情。这不仅会使夫妻更满意于他们之间的关系，而且还能帮助他们创造难忘的回忆。
7. They h***e expert’s opinion when needed.
当需要时，他们有着专家观点。
Interestingly, for couples h***ing mon interests, one can guide the other in times of difficulty or confusion. One can play the role of an expert and deliver good advice at times of need because of their earlier experiences on the subject, which is quite mon for people with mon interests.
有趣的是，对于有着相同兴趣的夫妻，一个人可以在另一个人困难或混乱的时候指导对方。一个人可以扮演专家的角色，并在需要的时候提供好的建议，因为他们之前经历过这些，这对于有着共同兴趣的人是很常见的。
This however, will also make the partners dependent on each other or in another sense respect each other for their support, which in turn gives rise to the feeling of being patible with each other. One can also learn from the mistakes of the other. These traits are very essential for enduring relationships with the partners assisting each other in times of trouble with solutions they really know about.
然而，这也会使伴侣彼此依赖或在另一种意义上彼此尊重对方的支援，这反过来又产生了彼此相容的感觉。一个人也可以从其他的错误中学习。这些特点对于和伴侣维持持久的关系很关键，能在困难的时候，用他们真正知道的解决方案借助他们。
8. They h***e a long-lasting relationship.
他们有着长久的关系。
The couples sharing mon interests understand each other’s troubles better, always h***e something to share with each other and get to spend lots of time together, all of which we h***e already discussed in the article.
有着相同兴趣的夫妻能更好地理解彼此的麻烦，总是能彼此分享，花大量时间在一起，这些我们都已在文章中讨论过。
Interestingly, these characteristics lead to a much stronger bond because both the partners feel connected, attracted and loving towards each other exactly because of their mon interests.
有趣的是，这些特点导致了一种更为强大的联络，因为夫妻双方感觉到彼此相连、吸引和爱，这正是因为他们有着共同的兴趣。
These traits really help in making the relation more beautiful and lasting for a longer time. With many things in mon and a better understanding of each other, the partners love spending more time with each other. This helps them create a life-long bond.
这些特质真的有助于使关系更美好、更持久。有了许多共同的爱好和更好的理解对方，伴侣会愿意花更多的时间呆在一起。这有助于他们创造终身的羁连。
The students are cleaning the division of labor, some, some information, some help tourists carry luggage
问题一："团队介绍"用英文怎么说 过度会对身体产生影响的
秃顶倒没听说过
影响下一代那是肯定的了
问题二：他们是和我一个团队的英语怎么说？ 楼上错啦，他们不能用he啦！要用they，答案应该是They and I are a team.I一定要大写
问题三：团队组成\公司简介 用英语怎么说 以后遇到什么不会翻译的，用google 在线翻译，还挺好用的。
问题四：用英文介绍小组成员，具体要怎么说。加点修饰词什么的。急急急！！ 首先说一下你在这个团队中扮演什么角色，比如说Hello everyone，I'm the pere XXX, Now I'd like to tell you someting about my group members. We h***e 4 porformers ,they are .......and 2 speakers............Last but not least is the producer of our PPT.中间在介绍各个角色的时候穿插一点他们的分工，如果有比较出众或者说是你们这个团队主心骨的时候可以多一点介绍，比如说我们的porformers 非常认真排练，经常请同学给他们提意见和建议，我们的producer非常严谨，制作出高水准的PPT等等，要控制在你的发言时间内。
问题五：团队合作的英文怎么说 team work
英 [ti:m w?:k] 美 [tim w?k]
词典协同工作，工作小组
例句：
H***e a good sense of responsibility and team work.
具有工作责任感和团队合作精神。
问题六：设计团队用英语怎么说 Design team
英 [di?zain ti:m] 美 [d?za?n tim]
设计团队
例句
1
We are professional development and graphic design team.
我们是专业的程序开发和平面设计团队。
2
We h***e a professional design team and production site, to solve the problem offortable wearing high heels.
我们有专业的设计团队和生产场地；解决了高跟鞋穿着不舒适的问题。
3
I Want to Quit This Design Team.
我不想参加这个设计小组了。
4
The design team has pleted a model of the proposed building.
设计组已经做出了一个建议性的建筑模型。
5
I was not hired by the state, but by a design team in Switzerland.
不是国家，而是瑞士的一支设计团队雇用了我。
问题七：公司简介用英语怎么说 公司简介的英语是pany profile，详细信息如下：
pany profile 英 [?k?mp?ni ?pr?ufail] 美 [?k?mp?ni ?pro?fa?l]
词典公司简介
例句：
He asks for a pany profile of the possible partner in the joint venture.
他要一份可能参加合资企业的公司简介。
问题八：我们团队是一个充满活力的团队，名字叫做好，这句用英语怎么说
问题九：怎样用英语介绍一个团队 The Governor was eager to scrape a few barnacles offthe ship of state;
在英语教学中培养学生的合作意识的技巧：
一、利用情景，让学生乐于合作
在英语教学中，教师应有意识、有目的地创设合作情景，让学生在学习知识的同时，激发他们的合作意识，促使他们参与合作、乐于合作。如：在进行“What do people eat?”相关教学时，教师可以安排多组对话情景，引导学生两人一组进行表演：
①A: What do people eat in England?
B: They eat a lot of potatoes.
A: So do we.
②A: What do people eat in America?
B: They eat a lot of beef?
A: Oh, we don’t. We eat a lot of dumplings.
③A: What do people eat in Japan?
B: They eat a lot of fish.
A: So do we.
鼓励学生积极参与到教学活动中。利用这样的情景对话进行英语教学，可以培养学生浓厚的求知欲，还能使学生在收获知识的同时，激发他们乐于合作的意识。
二、利用讨论，让学生学会合作
讨论是在教师引导下，学生针对教师提出的问题展开探究与交流的学习形式，有助于培养学生主动参与学习的意识。讨论的问题要能充分发挥学生的主体意识，要能促使学生深刻掌握学习的重点和难点，活跃课堂氛围，进而使其学会与他人合作。如：在教学“dream”、“wakeup”、“fall asleep”等单词、短语后，教师可以提出问题：①“Do you sleep well at night?”②“Do you often h***e dreams?”③“Do you remember you nicest dream?”④“Do you remember you worst dream?”再引导学生分组讨论，有针对性进行交流和探讨，在此过程中，可以增进学生间的情感，同时也让学生在生动、活跃的课堂氛围中学会有效的合作学习。
三、利用实践，让学生善于合作
在学生学会与他人合作的基础上，教师还应组织学生参与实践活动，让学生善于合作。由于学生的生活环境、英语水平、认知能力等方面存在差异性，他们在思考问题角度和方法也存在着不同。因此，教师可以精心设计实践性问题，让学生在合作学习中主动参与探究，达到拓展学生思维、促使学生善于合作的目的。例如：在教学英语写作时，我设计了一道开放性的话题作文 “环保”，让学生从网络、电视、报纸、杂志上搜集一些关于环境污染的资料，并鼓励学生分小组合作调查，让每个小组成员发挥自己的能力，运用他们所学的知识，在交流、探究中各抒己见、相互启发，共同进步。
四、利用互评，让学生享受合作
在英语教学中，教师应适当组织学生自主、积极地参与学习评价，引导学生间相互检查和评议，相互学习和补充，鼓励学生充分发表自己的意见或建议，随后教师再对学生的互评进行点拨和总结，让学生体会到收获知识的乐趣和喜悦。这样，不仅可以让学生意识到自己是学习的主人，还能让他们在互评中，享受合作的乐趣。如：在教学“A famous person”后，教师可以引导学生自由分组，收集一些名人故事，并要求学生用英语开展“名人故事赛”。比赛结束后，引导学生充分利用“A famous person”的相关知识，进行小组互评，选出最佳的讲故事小组。利用互评，不仅能让学生自主参与活动过程，还能使学生了解合作的真正意义，从而享受合作的乐趣。
总之，合作学习是充分发挥学生主体作用，培养其英语综合素养的重要途径。教师应引导学生进行有效合作学习，利用讨论，让学生在学习知识的同时，激发学生的合作意识，促使他们乐于合作；利用讨论，充分发挥学生的主体地位，促使学生深刻掌握学习的重点和难点，达到活跃课堂氛围的目的，从而使其学会与他人合作；利用实践，让学生在合作学习中主动参与探究，达到拓展学生思维、让学生善于合作的目的；利用互评，不仅能让学生自主在参与活动过程中，还能使学生了解合作的真正意义，从而享受合作的乐趣。
教材对Project板块的要求是：该板块引导学生进行探究性学习，把英语听、说、读、写的训练从课堂内拓展到课堂外。首先提供与该单元话题有关的具体阅读材料，让学生从中受到启发，引起用英语开展某一活动的兴趣。然后根据所给的具体步骤，通过小组讨论、分工合作、调查访谈、信息检索、交流汇报等形式的活动，用英语做一件事情，最后呈现学习成果，创造性地完成学习任务，培养综合运用语言的能力。美国的许多中小学也有Project，与《牛津高中英语》中的Project 板块有异曲同工之妙，但笔者认为美国学校里的Project更侧重于课题，探究性学习的味道更浓，对学生的能力要求更高，它往往要求学生在课堂外花大量的时间去探究，有时候需要一两个星期、甚至一个月的时间，而在课堂上只是呈现成果、展现作品罢了。而《牛津高中英语》中的Project板块设计是针对中国学生的国情，任务的完成主要是在课堂内，适当地拓展到课堂外，应该说更符合中国的国情、更切实际。《牛津高中英语》教材在江苏省的高中刚刚使用时，绝大多数的高中英语教师在此之前都没有接触过这套教材，对教材的体系根本不熟悉，对教材的板块设计理解也不到位，再加上传统教学理念的影响，缺少对探究性学习、研究性学习的了解，因此绝大多数英语老师在处理Project板块的时候都存在一个误区，基本上都把Project板块当成了传统的阅读教学处理，久而久之，教材的全新观念根本没有得到实施，英语教学毫无疑问地又回到了传统的英语教学老路上去，教改也自然又成了一句空话。下面笔者以Unit 1为例简要阐述如何正确处理Project。1.转变观念，正确区分Reading和Project教学。教材的每一单元的Project 板块都提供了与单元话题相关的阅读材料，但是此处阅读材料的作用和前面阅读教学中的材料是完全不一样的，老师们在教学中应正确区分、正确处理，再不能把教学重点放在对阅读材料的理解、学生阅读能力的提高上。如Unit 1提供了两篇阅读材料，该材料只是为学生们提供了如何开展课外活动和组建学校俱乐部的示例，让学生们从中受到启发，引起用英语开展活动的兴趣。而真正的课题习作重点应该是鼓励学生通过讨论、交流、提供合作设计出创建学校俱乐部的海报。因此，老师们在处理阅读材料时，就是要让学生们明白创建俱乐部的方式、程序就可以了。期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆 Reading material 1: (1)Who started the radio club?(4)What the radio club does: every morning; during exam time; at the end of the school yearReading material 2 : (1)The name of the school club2.鼓励学生用英语做事情，在活动中学习和掌握英语。教师们在教学中要体现“做中学英语(do to learn)”的教学思想，提供以话题为主线，活动为形式，将话题、功能、任务、结构有机地结合起来。Unit 1的话题是“School life”，project中的“starting a new school club”只是整个单元话题的一个延续，学生们通过前面几个课时的学习已经较多地了解学校生活这一话题，也已经掌握了大量有关学校生活、课外活动等方面的词汇和句型，如be required to、inform... of 、be allowedto、make preparations for等词汇；What kind of school activitiesdo you enjoy? What is your dreamschool life like?等句型。因此，老师们在处理Project板块的时候，一定要鼓励学生大胆地使用本单元学过的词汇、句型，无论是在阅读材料时，还是在分组讨论、分工合作、设计课题、展现成果等各种活动中，都要贯彻“do to learn”的教学思想。3.更新教育观念，渗透探究性学习的教学思想。如果把Project 上成阅读课教学或者有的老师干脆把这一部分舍弃掉，这些都说明了相当比例的老师教育观念陈旧、落后。其实，学生们的创造力具有很强的可塑性，老师们尽可以放心地让学生们去探究、研究，点燃他们的智慧火花。老师们要做的就是给予学生们以正确的引导、鼓励。开学初，笔者听了一位老师上的Unit 1的Project，感受颇深。分组讨论的各个小组学生思维活跃、创造性强，他们合作组建的俱乐部有：“Fat Man Club”、“NBA Club”、“Supermen Club”、“OrdingaryMan Club”、“Fans Club”等等，每一小组的展示都充满了智慧、创造性。小组活动可以分为以下几个步骤：(2)准备(Preparing)：查找信息、完成分工任务，准备相关问题。( 3) 制作( Producing)：收集所有小组成员探索、研究的观点，制作海报，反复斟酌、完善作品，使之更有魅力。(4)展示(Presenting)：各小组向全班同学呈现展示作品本由无忧整理提供，评选最优秀作品。美国中小学的Project值得我们借鉴，我们不能让Project板块的教学流于形式，我们要把时间、空间还给学生，要让我们的课堂回归自然、回归生活，要真正体现教材编写的思想，更加符合学生的需要和贴近课堂实际，以学生为主体，优化学习方式，提高学生自主学习能力，引导学生积极尝试，主动实践，进行探究性学习，逐步提高综合运用英语的能力。(作者单位：兴化市周庄高级中学)
